Table of Contents
Introduction
- Lists : The Lists are the sequence data type in Python that stores the non homogeneous type of data in an ordered manner. This is one of the powerful tool of Python.
- Tuples : The Tuples are the sequence data type in Python that stores the non homogeneous type of data in an ordered manner. The data once written cannot be modified in the tuples.
- Set :A Set is an unordered collection of non homogeneous type of data that stores the unique elements.
- Dictionary : The dictionary are the ordered collection of data from Python 3.7 whereas it was unordered in the earlier versions. It stores the data in the form of key value pair.
Python list vs set vs tuple vs dictionary - Detailed Comparison
The table below lists the comparison of list vs set vs tuple vs dictionary.
| Lists | Tuple | Set | Dictionary |
|---|---|---|---|
| It is a ordered collection of non homogeneous data. | It is a ordered collection of non homogeneous data. | It is an unordered collection of non homogeneous data. | It is an unordered collection of data in the form of key value pairs. |
| List is created using [ ] | Tuple is created using ( ) | Set is created using { } | Dictionary is created using { } |
| Lists are mutable. So, we can update the lists. | Tuples are immutable. So, no updation are allowed. | Set is mutable. So, we can update the sets. | Dictionary is mutable. So, we can update them but keys are not duplicated. |
| List allows duplicate values. | Tuple allows duplicate values. | Set does not allow duplicate values. | Dictionary does not allow duplicate keys. |
| Example : l=[1,"Raj",3.5,20000] | Example : t =(1,"Raj",3.5,20000) | Example : s ={1,"Raj",3.5,20000} | Example : l={'eid':1, "name":"Raj","exp":3.5,"salary":20000} |
| The append() method adds an element at the end of the list. | An element cannot be added to the tuple. | The add() method adds a given element to a set. | The update() method adds new key value pair to the dictionary, if the key does not exists. However, if the key exists, it will updates the value of given key with the new value. |
| The pop() method returns and removes the item at the given index from the list. | You cannot remove an element from the tuple. | The pop() method will return and remove a random item from the set. | The pop() method returns the value and removes the specified key value pair from the dictionary. |
| The sort() method sorts the elements of a given list in a specific ascending or descending order. | Though tuples are ordered, the elements cannot be sorted. | Elements in the set cannot be sorted as they are unordered. | orted() method is used to sort the keys in the dictionary by default. |
| We can use reverse() method to reverse the list. | No such method is defined for a tuple. | No such method is defined for a set. | As the elements are in the form of key value pair, there is no way to reverse the elements. |
| Lists are used in JSON format and databases. | Tuples are used for inserting records in the database through SQL query. | Sets are used to search unique elements and perform join operations. | Dictionary is used to create a data frame with the lists and is also used in JSON. |
Python list vs set vs tuple vs dictionary - 1-1 Comparison
| Data Type | Ordered | Iterable | Unique | Immutable | Mutable |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| List | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes |
| Dictionary | No | Yes | Keys only | Keys only | Values only |
| Tuple | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| Set | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Frozenset | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | N |
Examples - Python list vs Set vs Tuple vs Dictionary
Insertion operation
The example below demonstrates the insertion operation on List, tuple, set and dictionary.
Example
# Program to demonstrate list vs set vs tuple vs dictionary
# Initializing data structures
l=[1,2] # List
t=(1,2) # Tuple
s={1,2} # Set
d={"Name":"Raj","Age":25} # Dictionary
# Insertion in List
l.append(10)
l.append(20)
l.append(30)
print("List is",l)
# Insertion in Tuple
print("You cannot insert new elements to the tuple. Tuple is",t)
# Insertion in Set
s.add(10)
s.add(20)
print("Set is",s)
# Insertion in Dictionary
d.update({"Location":"Mumbai"})
d.update({"Experience":7.5})
print("Dictionary is",d)
Output
List is [1, 2, 10, 20, 30]
You cannot insert new elements to the tuple. Tuple is (1, 2)
Set is {1, 2, 10, 20}
Dictionary is {'Name': 'Raj', 'Age': 25, 'Location': 'Mumbai', 'Experience': 7.5}
Deletion operation
The example below demonstrates the deletion operation on List, tuple, set and dictionary.
Example
# Program to demonstrate list vs set vs tuple vs dictionary
# Initializing data structures
l=[1,2,3,4,5] # List
t=(1,2,3,4,5) # Tuple
s={1,2,3,4,5} # Set
d={"Name":"Raj","Age":25} # Dictionary
# Deletion in List
print("Value deleted from the list is",l.pop(2))
print("List is",l)
# Deletion in Tuple
print("You cannot delete an element from the tuple")
print("Tuple is",t)
# Deletion in Set
print("Value deleted from the Set is",s.pop())
print("Set is ",s)
# Deletion in Dictionary
print("Value deleted from the Dictionary is",d.pop("Age"))
print("Dictionary is",d)
Output
Value deleted from the list is 3
List is [1, 2, 4, 5]
You cannot delete an element from the tuple
Tuple is (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
Value deleted from the Set is 1
Set is {2, 3, 4, 5}
Value deleted from the Dictionary is 25
Dictionary is {'Name': 'Raj'}
Sorting operation
The example below demonstrates the sorting operation on List, tuple, set and dictionary.
Example
# Program to demonstrate list vs set vs tuple vs dictionary
# Initializing data structures
l=[110,2,43,54,599] # List
t=(110,2,43,54,599) # Tuple
s={110,12,43,54,599} # Set
d={"Name":"Raj","Age":25, "Location":"Mumbai"} # Dictionary
# Sorting in List
print("Unsorted list is ",l)
l.sort()
print("Sorted list is ",l)
# Sorting a Tuple
print("\nUnsorted tuple is ",t)
print("Sorted tuple is ",sorted(t))
print("Original tuple is ",t)
# Sorting a Set
print("\nUnsorted set is ",s)
print("Sorted set is ",sorted(s))
print("Original set is ",s)
# Sorting a Dictionary
print("\nUnsorted dictionary is ",d)
print("Sorted dictionary is ",sorted(d))
print("Original dictionary is ",d)
Output
Unsorted list is [110, 2, 43, 54, 599]
Sorted list is [2, 43, 54, 110, 599]
Unsorted tuple is (110, 2, 43, 54, 599)
Sorted tuple is [2, 43, 54, 110, 599]
Original tuple is (110, 2, 43, 54, 599)
Unsorted set is {43, 12, 110, 54, 599}
Sorted set is [12, 43, 54, 110, 599]
Original set is {43, 12, 110, 54, 599}
Unsorted dictionary is {'Name': 'Raj', 'Age': 25, 'Location': 'Mumbai'}
Sorted dictionary is ['Age', 'Location', 'Name']
Original dictionary is {'Name': 'Raj', 'Age': 25, 'Location': 'Mumbai'}
Summary
The knowledge of list vs set vs tuple vs dictionary is very useful while working on real time applications. In many situations, we will need to select an appropriate data structure to store the data so as to make an efficient use of it. In this tutorial, we covered the differences and similarity between list, tuple, set, dictionary along with the insertion, deletion and sorting operation on them. We learned in detail about this with an example. All in all, this tutorial, covers everything that you need to know in order to have a clear view on when to use list vs set vs tuple vs dictionary.
References
Further Reading
15+ simple examples to learn Python list in detail
Python dictionary (15 easy examples with syntax)
10+ simple examples to learn python sets in detail
10+ simple examples to learn python tuple in detail
